English: Class 5 — Chapter 3: The Rainbow

Poem: The Rainbow

By Christina Rossetti

Poem Text

Boats sail on the rivers,
And ships sail on the seas;
But clouds that sail across the sky
Are prettier far than these.

There are bridges on the rivers,
As pretty as you please;
But the bow that bridges heaven,
And overtops the trees,
And builds a road from earth to sky,
Is prettier far than these.

Thematic Analysis

The poem compares man-made beauty with natural beauty. While boats, ships, and river bridges are beautiful, natural elements like clouds sailing across the sky and the rainbow (the bow) bridging earth to heaven are far more beautiful and grand.

Vocabulary & Word Study

New Words

  • overtops: Rises above the top of something (e.g., trees).
  • bridges: Connects or builds a path over something.
  • bow: Refers to a rainbow, bending like an arch.

Compound Words (Friend Words)

Combining two words to make a new word:

  • rain + bow = rainbow
  • tea + cup = teacup
  • wrist + watch = wristwatch
  • arm + chair = armchair
  • earth + worm = earthworm
  • sun + flower = sunflower
  • table + cloth = tablecloth
  • note + book = notebook
  • ear + ring = earring
  • tooth + paste = toothpaste

Opposites Starting with 'S'

  • large × small
  • weak × strong
  • fast × slow
  • rough × smooth
  • dull × sharp / shiny
  • curved × straight
  • finish × start
  • addition × subtraction
  • complicated × simple
  • mild × strong / sharp
  • blunt × sharp
Grammar: Nouns and Verbs

Same Word, Different Roles

Some words can act as both a noun (naming word) and a verb (action word) depending on context:

  • Bridge (Noun): I have seen a bridge made of roots in Meghalaya.
  • Bridge (Verb): Some planks of wood were used to bridge the stream.

Other examples to practice: cut, bat, picture, cry, filter, dance, plant, paint, fly, face.

Science & Rainbow Colours

VIBGYOR

An acronym to remember the seven colours of the rainbow in order:

  • V - Violet
  • I - Indigo
  • B - Blue
  • G - Green
  • Y - Yellow
  • O - Orange
  • R - Red

Scientific Fact: When sunlight passes through rain droplets, it splits into these seven colours, forming a rainbow in the sky.

Isaac Newton's Spinning Disc

Sir Isaac Newton created a spinning disc painted with the seven rainbow colours. When spun very fast, the eyes perceive the colors blending together to see white, proving that white light is made of many colours.