Mathematics: Class 2 — Chapter 10: Fun at the Fair

10.1 Introduction: Rupal at the Fair

Rupal loves going to the fair. She visits the local fair with her friends. Her mother gave her ₹50. She spent most of it on her favourite rides.

Discussion Topic: Talk about the things that children enjoy in fairs, whom they go with, what they buy, and how much money they spend there.

10.2 How Much Rupal Spent?

Let's calculate the money spent by Rupal on different rides:

Total money spent on rides: $\text{₹}10 + \text{₹}20 + \text{₹}15 = \text{₹}45$

Calculating Money Left

Using the formula:

$$\text{Money given by mother} - \text{Money spent} = \text{Money left}$$

$$\text{₹}50 - \text{₹}45 = \text{₹}5$$

Alternative Way of Finding Money Spent

A friend of Rupal has $\text{₹}8$ left out of $\text{₹}50$. She wants to know how much money she spent. Her method of counting up:

  • $\text{₹}8 + \text{₹}20 = \text{₹}28$ (spent on rides)
  • $\text{₹}28 + \text{₹}20 = \text{₹}48$ (spent on snacks)
  • $\text{₹}48 + \text{₹}2 = \text{₹}50$ (spent on candies)
  • Total spent: $\text{₹}20 + \text{₹}20 + \text{₹}2 = \text{₹}42$

Practice Problem

If you had $\text{₹}3$ left when your father gave you $\text{₹}40$ for the fair, how many rupees did you spend?

$$\text{₹}40 - \text{₹}3 = \text{₹}37$$

10.3 Let us Do: Ride Tickets and Indian Currency

A. How much money will be needed to buy?

  • Toy Train Ride: $\text{₹}20$ per ticket. For $2$ tickets: $2 \times \text{₹}20 = \text{₹}40$
  • Merry-go-round: $\text{₹}10$ per ticket. If total money is $\text{₹}30$, number of tickets: $\frac{\text{₹}30}{\text{₹}10} = 3$ tickets
  • Giant Wheel: $\text{₹}15$ per ticket. For $2$ tickets: $2 \times \text{₹}15 = \text{₹}30$

B. Indian Currency Notes

Commonly used Indian currency notes include:

  • ₹100 note
  • ₹200 note
  • ₹500 note

C. Observing a ₹500 Note

  • Words: "Five hundred rupees" is written in words on the note.
  • Numbers: "500" is written in numbers multiple times on both sides.
  • Monument: The picture of the Red Fort (Lal Qila) is printed on the back of the $\text{₹}500$ note.
10.4 Old Coins and Paise

In the past, smaller denominations of currency called Paise were used in India:

Conversion Rate:

$$100\text{ Paise} = 1\text{ Rupee } (\text{₹}1)$$

$$50\text{ Paise} + 50\text{ Paise} = 100\text{ Paise} = \text{₹}1$$

Practice Questions

  • How many 25 paise coins make ₹1?
    Four $25\text{ paise}$ coins make $\text{₹}1$ ($4 \times 25 = 100\text{ paise}$).
  • How many 20 paise coins make ₹1?
    Five $20\text{ paise}$ coins make $\text{₹}1$ ($5 \times 20 = 100\text{ paise}$).
10.5 Pop the Balloon Game

Matru comes across a 'Pop the balloon' game. He gets $3$ chances for $\text{₹}10$. The prize money for popping different colored balloons is:

A. Calculating Prize Money

  • Red + Pink: $\text{₹}2 + \text{₹}1 = \text{₹}3$
  • Red + Green + Red: $\text{₹}2 + \text{₹}20 + \text{₹}2 = \text{₹}24$
  • Blue + Blue + Pink: $\text{₹}5 + \text{₹}5 + \text{₹}1 = \text{₹}11$
  • Green + Yellow: $\text{₹}20 + \text{₹}10 = \text{₹}30$

B. Target Amounts

Which balloons to pop to get the following amounts?

  • ₹17: Yellow ($\text{₹}10$) + Blue ($\text{₹}5$) + Red ($\text{₹}2$)
  • ₹22: Green ($\text{₹}20$) + Red ($\text{₹}2$)
  • ₹31: Green ($\text{₹}20$) + Yellow ($\text{₹}10$) + Pink ($\text{₹}1$)

C. Highest Amount with 3 Balloons

To get the highest amount with 3 differently coloured balloons, target:

  • Green ($\text{₹}20$) + Yellow ($\text{₹}10$) + Blue ($\text{₹}5$)
  • Total amount won: $\text{₹}20 + \text{₹}10 + \text{₹}5 = \text{₹}35$

D. Highest Amount with 4 Balloons

To get the highest amount with 4 differently coloured balloons, target:

  • Green ($\text{₹}20$) + Yellow ($\text{₹}10$) + Blue ($\text{₹}5$) + Red ($\text{₹}2$)
  • Total amount won: $\text{₹}20 + \text{₹}10 + \text{₹}5 + \text{₹}2 = \text{₹}37$
10.6 Combinations of Money

We can pay a specific amount using different combinations of notes and coins. For example, $\text{₹}66$ can be paid in multiple ways using $\text{₹}50$, $\text{₹}20$, $\text{₹}10$, $\text{₹}5$, $\text{₹}2$, and $\text{₹}1$ denominations.

Making Combinations for ₹54

  • Combination 1: One $\text{₹}50$ note + Two $\text{₹}2$ coins
  • Combination 2: Two $\text{₹}20$ notes + One $\text{₹}10$ note + Two $\text{₹}2$ coins
  • Combination 3: Five $\text{₹}10$ notes + Four $\text{₹}1$ coins

Making Combinations for ₹85

  • Combination 1: One $\text{₹}50$ note + One $\text{₹}20$ note + One $\text{₹}10$ note + One $\text{₹}5$ coin
  • Combination 2: Four $\text{₹}20$ notes + One $\text{₹}5$ coin
  • Combination 3: Eight $\text{₹}10$ notes + One $\text{₹}5$ coin
10.7 Let us Buy: Shopping Calculations

Calculate the total cost of items, compare with the money you have, and find the money left or more money needed:

10.8 Let us Do: Addition and Subtraction Word Problems

Basic Addition Practice

  • $\text{₹}18 + \text{₹}32 = \text{₹}50$
  • $\text{₹}15 + \text{₹}27 = \text{₹}42$
  • $\text{₹}47 + \text{₹}50 = \text{₹}97$
  • $\text{₹}22 + \text{₹}35 = \text{₹}57$

Word Problems

  • Problem A: Jayant spent $\text{₹}25$ on pens and $\text{₹}40$ on notebooks. How much money did he spend in total?
    $$\text{₹}25 + \text{₹}40 = \text{₹}65$$
  • Problem B: Meera has $\text{₹}43$ with her. Kanika has $\text{₹}14$ more than Meera. How much money does Kanika have?
    $$\text{₹}43 + \text{₹}14 = \text{₹}57$$
  • Problem C: A packet of bread costs $\text{₹}30$ and a chocolate costs $\text{₹}60$. How much money does Vivek need to buy these items?
    $$\text{₹}30 + \text{₹}60 = \text{₹}90$$
  • Problem D: Ajay has $\text{₹}58$ with him. He spent $\text{₹}48$ in the market. How much money is left with him now?
    $$\text{₹}58 - \text{₹}48 = \text{₹}10$$