Shapes can be combined to create beautiful designs and patterns, such as a rangoli. These designs are often made on a grid of dots using a combination of straight and curved lines.
Three-dimensional (3D) objects like boxes, matchboxes, and sharpeners are made up of flat surfaces called faces. When these objects are opened up or traced, they reveal two-dimensional (2D) shapes.
Opening up a cardboard box carefully reveals its net, showing the 2D shapes that make up its faces. For example, a cuboidal box unfolds into several rectangular faces.
Tracing the outline of a 3D solid object on paper yields 2D shapes:
A rectangle is a flat, four-sided shape with specific geometric properties.
A square is a special type of rectangle where all sides are equal.
While both shapes have $4$ sides and $4$ corners, in a square, all four sides must be equal in length. In a rectangle, only the opposite sides need to be equal in length.
The corners of shapes can be classified by comparing them to the corner of a square or rectangle, which is known as a square corner (right angle).
A triangle is a three-sided closed shape.
A circle is a round shape with no straight edges or corners.
The center of a circular paper plate or sheet can be found using paper folding:
Shapes can be fitted together to create complex figures, patterns, and borders.
A tangram is a puzzle consisting of flat shapes (pieces) which are put together to form various target designs.
Borders on sarees, walls, and doors are created by repeating patterns of straight lines, curves, and geometric shapes.