Mathematics: Class 5 β€” Chapter 15: Data Through Pictures

15.1 Child TV Reporter

Samaira and Kabir decided to act like reporters and collect information from their friends about how many hours a day they spend watching TV. They collected data from 35 friends and recorded it in a notebook.

Data Representation and Analysis

The collected data can be organized into a frequency table to make it easier to understand:

No. of Hours Spent Watching TVNo. of Children
$\frac{1}{2}$ hour10
$1$ hour9
$1\frac{1}{2}$ hours8
$2$ hours4
More than $2$ hours4

Questions for Analysis:

  • How many children watch TV for more than half an hour?
  • How many children watch TV for less than two hours?
  • The number of children who watch TV for more than two hours is ________.
  • More children watch TV for two hours than half an hour. (True/False)
15.2 Stock-Taking in a Shop

Joseph Uncle takes stock of the play items (toys, board games, and sports items) in his store. He uses a pictograph to record the items. Since there are too many items, his helper Dipesh suggested using a scale where one picture (icon) represents multiple items.

Pictograph Scale

  • 🚜 (Toy Icon) = $5$ toys
  • 🎲 (Board Game Icon) = $5$ board games
  • 🏸 (Sports Item Icon) = $5$ sports items

Pictograph Data

Name of the ItemNumber of IconsTotal Quantity (Icons $\times$ 5)
Toys8 icons$8 \times 5 = 40$ toys
Board games9 icons$9 \times 5 = 45$ board games
Sports items11 icons$11 \times 5 = 55$ sports items

Questions:

  1. How many toys does Joseph Uncle have?
  2. How many board games does Joseph Uncle have?
  3. How many total play items does Joseph Uncle have?
15.3 Two-wheelers on the Road

Deepti noted down the number of two-wheelers passing her house in one hour on three different days. She used a pictograph with a scale where 1 scooter icon represents $3$ two-wheelers.

Data Table

DayNumber of IconsTotal Two-wheelers (Icons $\times$ 3)
Monday9 icons$9 \times 3 = 27$
Wednesday4 icons$4 \times 3 = 12$
Friday14 icons$14 \times 3 = 42$

Questions:

  1. Which day had the most two-wheelers passing her house?
  2. How many total two-wheelers did she record over three days?
  3. How many fewer two-wheelers were seen on Wednesday than on Monday?
  4. How many more two-wheelers were seen on Friday than on Wednesday?
15.4 Recording a Day (Pictograph vs. Bar Graph)

Raman and Sheela recorded how they spent their 24-hour day using different methods.

Raman's Pictorial Record

Raman used a table where 1 blue square represents $1$ hour:

  • Time spent sleeping: 8 hours (8 squares)
  • Time in school: 6 hours (6 squares)
  • Time spent studying: 2 hours (2 squares)
  • Time spent eating and playing: 6 hours (6 squares)
  • Other activities: 1 hour (1 square)

Sheela's Bar Graph

Sheela represented her routine using a bar graph, where the height of vertical bars represents the number of hours spent on each activity:

  • Sleeping: 8 hours
  • Time in school: 7 hours
  • Studying: 4 hours
  • Eating and playing: 3 hours
  • Other activities: 2 hours

A bar graph uses rectangular bars of uniform width with lengths proportional to the values they represent.

Comparison Questions

  1. Whose daily routine shows more time spent on sleeping?
  2. Who spends more hours in the school?
  3. How many more hours does Sheela spend studying compared to Raman?
  4. Is there any activity on which they spend the same amount of time? If yes, name the activity.
  5. Based on their data, whose routine do you think is more balanced? Why?
15.5 Food Wastage in the School Canteen

Rani's school dining hall displays a bar graph showing the amount of food wasted (in kg) over weekdays for different food items.

Wastage Data

  • Sandwich (Monday): $5\text{ kg}$
  • Paratha (Tuesday): $6\text{ kg}$
  • Khichdi (Wednesday): $8\text{ kg}$
  • Puri-Sabzi (Thursday): $7\text{ kg}$
  • Idli-Sambar (Friday): $4\text{ kg}$

Analysis Questions

  1. Which food item had the highest amount of wastage?
  2. Which food item had the least amount of wastage?
  3. How much total food wastage was recorded in these days?
  4. If $1\text{ kg}$ of food waste can feed $3$ children, how many children could have been fed with the total food wasted?
  5. _______ day had less food wastage than _______ day.
  6. If the same food items are to be repeated next week, can you predict which food item is likely to be wasted the most?
15.6 True or False Observation Activity

Based on observing a group of children, determine whether the following statements are True or False: